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CELL TYPE LINEAGE LOCATION NEUROTRANSMITTER ASSOCIATED GLIA

AVAL
AVAR
Interneuron AB alppaaapa
AB alaappapa Lateral ganglia of head
FMRFamide (FLP-1).

Express FMRFamide-like peptide, FLP-1 precursor (Nelson L.S. et al 1998).

Express the FMRFamide-related neuropeptide (FaRP), FLP-18 (Rogers C. et al, 2003).
None

DESCRIPTION

One of four bilaterally symmetric interneuron pairs (AVA, AVB, AVD, and PVC) with large-diameter axons that run the entire length of the ventral nerve cord and provide input to the ventral cord motor neurons. Synapse onto A-type (VA, DA) and AS motor neurons. Formerly called alpha.

Functions: Command interneuron. Functions as driver cell for backward locomotion. Drives backward movement of the animal along with touch modulator AVD neuron, AVE and A-type motor neurons.See Locomotory circuit.

Receptor expression: Express glutamate receptor subunits, GLR-1, GLR-2 , GLR-4, GLR-5, NMR-1 and NMR-2 (Maricq A. V. et al 1995)(Brockie P.J. et al 2001). Suggested to express GABA-A/glycine receptor-like protein GGR-3 (Fujiwara et al, 1996). Express UNC-8, a DEG/ENaC family member homologous to subunits of a candidate mechanically gated ion channel (Tavernarakis N. et al, 1997).

CELL	TYPE	LINEAGE	LOCATION	NEUROTRANSMITTER	ASSOCIATED GLIA
AVAL AVAR	Interneuron	AB alppaaapa AB alaappapa	Lateral ganglia of head	FMRFamide (FLP-1). Express FMRFamide-like peptide, FLP-1 precursor (Nelson L.S. et al 1998). Express the FMRFamide-related neuropeptide (FaRP), FLP-18 (Rogers C. et al, 2003).	None
DESCRIPTION
One of four bilaterally symmetric interneuron pairs (AVA, AVB, AVD, and PVC) with large-diameter axons that run the entire length of the ventral nerve cord and provide input to the ventral cord motor neurons. Synapse onto A-type (VA, DA) and AS motor neurons. Formerly called alpha. Functions: Command interneuron. Functions as driver cell for backward locomotion. Drives backward movement of the animal along with touch modulator AVD neuron, AVE and A-type motor neurons.See Locomotory circuit. Receptor expression: Express glutamate receptor subunits, GLR-1, GLR-2 , GLR-4, GLR-5, NMR-1 and NMR-2 (Maricq A. V. et al 1995)(Brockie P.J. et al 2001). Suggested to express GABA-A/glycine receptor-like protein GGR-3 (Fujiwara et al, 1996). Express UNC-8, a DEG/ENaC family member homologous to subunits of a candidate mechanically gated ion channel (Tavernarakis N. et al, 1997).